Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Autism Spectrum indis unsexion Causes, Reasons and manipulationAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is defined as a developmental disability that affects populations personalities base on how they interact with the world (Magalhaes and Almeida, 2010). However, Sparks and Dager (2012, p. 187) defines ASD as a dear neurodevelopmental disorder that impairs adepts ability to communicate and interact with others. versatile ASD definitions be known to be universal since they recognise it as a spectral condition (Baird et al., 2016). In his study, Umekage (2011, p. 25), indicates that ASD is a hidden disability united with foetal brain damage as hearty as worsening of neural vitro development. Characterised by interests, activities and repetitive behaviours, ASD is so complex that it varies from one upshot to another (Akanksha et al., 2011).Despite various studies on the reasons, baffles and treatment of ASD, there ar relatively unknown rationale for its cooks. Chandler and Baird ( 2015, p. 923) posits that people with ASD need different kinds of harbour since their ways of development and learning differ from every exclusive. The aim of this study is to discuss the causes, reasons and treatment of ASD.Causes of ASDAlthough there argon undetermined causes of ASD, scientists as well as medical practitioners believe that an amalgamation of genetic and environmental factors are the two major causes of ASD (Fitzgerald and Geschwind, 2013). To start with, the cause of ASD via genetic factors is not a simple process, but a complex of progression that involve triplex genes.Causes of ASD GenticsAutism Spectrum DisorderAs indicated by Schechtman (2014, p.86) study, the rate of ASD development in selfsame(a) twins as well as monozygotic is racyer than rank in dizygotic and same-sex fraternal twins. This indicates that fraternal twins only allot some genes, while identical twins amaze equal genes and then genes contributes much to autism. More so, Brothers as well as sisters of children with autism have high level of autism (Fitzgerald and Geschwind, 2013). From another perspective, Smith and John (2011, p. 803) in their research attributed that siblings make out certain problems such(prenominal) as language as well as learning difficulties if one of the sibling has autism. However, it is not clear if autism is inherited as well as more general predisposition difficulties.To modify or pass by this essay or to get pricing on a usance essay Contact Us TodayCauses of ASD Environmental FactorsSecondly, ASD stool be caused by environmental factors. Environmental toxins such as mercury and thimerosoal vaccines cause autism stems (Mercer et al., 2016). More so, congenital rubella infection is one of the environmental factors that cause ASD. However, Goin-Kochel and Myers (2015, p. 172) disputes that there is any clarity environmental factors causing ASD and thereof more studies needs to be done. Rich and Isager (2012, p. 410) adds some of the evidence proposed for environmental factors is based on case reports, which are often difficult to interpret.Reasons for ASDASD as mentioned earlier, ASD force out be caused by a combining of environmental and genetic factors, however, we have reasons ASD occurs. First, Autism exists when a single gene known as fragile X syndrome (FXS) exists in the blood (Hessl and Schneider, 2013). FXS is defined as a syndrome that is coupled with autism as well as intellectual disability (Visootsak and Picker, 2015). As per Wehner and Hagerman (2011, p. 415), Whereas ASD is a behavioural diagnosis, FXS is a medical, or more accurately, a genetic diagnosis and therefore when associated with FXS, ASD is caused by the genetic change or mutation in the slim X gene.This alters normal blood circulation, consequently ASD. Secondly, individuals are affected by ASD when tuberous sclerosis, chromosome 15q and other genetic conditions subsist (Hessl and Schneider, 2013).ASD Treatment MedicationsC ore symptoms associated with ASD have no medication and cure, but we have medications that help to manage high push levels of ASD, seizures, inability to focus as well as depression symptoms (Burrell and Borrego, 2012).The first gear treatment order use during ASD is the early intervention service. This method improves individuals development, e sparely children with ASD (Buitelaar and Wong, 2014). These services, such as vitamin therapy, auditory training, facilitated converse and corporal therapy improve children talk, interaction and walk.Early intervention services attribute the surmisal of mind as an explanatory ASD theory that reflects on the symptom criteria (A) of the DSM-5. As per Gallese and Goldman (2012, p. 496), the theory of mind was created by Uta Frith, Alan Leslie and Simon Baron-Cohen in 1985 to explain communication persistence as well as social interaction for people with ASD.ASD Treatment Behaviours and CommunicationThe second method used for ASD treatme nt is the behaviours and communication approaches. This method involves direct, organised and structural ways for people with ASD to participate in a given paediatric events and medication. As per Burrell and Borrego (2012, p. 424), applied behaviour analysis (ABA) is utilised as a treatment of ASD via behaviour and communication approach to gain ground positive and discourage negative behaviours hence improving various skills need during ASD treatment.This is in relation to the theory of executive dysfunction which states, Executive functions (EF) are a set of cognitive skills that are put into practice through and through autonomous activities. Most of these EF skills are utilised by ASD patients to boost their flexibility, organisation, objectives and goals, prospect as well as to be able to control their impulses (Buitelaar and Wong, 2014). Thirdly, ASD can be treated through dietetic approaches.Change in diet, such as using certain foods, mineral supplements and vitamin hel ps to treat certain ASD effects. However, Talalay and Zimmerman (2014) posit that although dietary approach is considered as one of the ASD treatment, there is no scientific support and recommendation.Finally, ASD can be treated using complementary and resource treatments. Treatments associated with complementary and alternative approaches include chelation, biological such as secretin, special diets and body-based systems (Burrell and Borrego, 2012).ConclusionIn conclusion, the aim of this paper was to discuss the causes, reasons and treatment of the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Being a hidden disability coupled with foetal brain damage as well as impairment of neural vitro development, ASD has varied and complex behaviours hence there is unknown treatment for core symptoms.Generally, ASD is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors such as genes inheritance and environmental toxins respectively. slightly of the treatments for ASD as discussed included the u sed of the early intervention services, the behaviours and communication approaches, dietary approaches and complementary and alternative treatments. Characterised by interests, activities and repetitive behaviours, ASD is so complex that it varies from one case to another and therefore its treatments depends on an individual case.To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayBibliographyAkanksha, M., Sahil, K., Premjeet, S. and Bhawna, K. (2011) Autism spectrum disorders(ASD). 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(2012) Mortality and causes of death in autism spectrum disorders an update. Autism, 12(4), pp.403-414.Sparks, B. and Dager, S. (2012) Brain structural abnormalities in young children with autism spectrum disorder. Neurology, 59(2), pp.184-192.Schechtman, M. (2014) Scientifically unsupported therapies in the treatment of young children with autism disorders. Psychiatric Annals, 37(9), pp. 79-92.Smith, S. and John, W. (2011) Col4a1 mutation causes endoplasmic reticulum stress and genetically modifiable ocular dysgenesis. mankind molecular genetics, 16(7), pp.798- 807.Talalay, P. and Zimmerman, A. (2014) Sulforaphane treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(43), pp.50-55.Umekage, T. (2011) connexion of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene polymorphisms with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the Japanese population. Journal of human genetics, 55(3), pp. 23-32.Visootsak, J. and Picker, J. (2015) Advances in the treatment of fragile X syndrome. Pediatrics, 123(1), pp.378-390.Wehner, A. and Hagerman, R. (2011) The behavioral phenotype in fragile X symptoms of autism in very young children with fragile X syndrome, idiopathic autism, and otherdevelopmental disorders. Journal of developmental & behavioral pediatrics, 22(6), pp.409-417.To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayOther LinksSummary reviewer Admin Jane Review Date 2017-07-18 Reviewed Item Autism Spectrum Disorder Causes, Reasons and Treatments Author Rating 5